Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

CBT, Held Inside a Relational Frame

Cognitive behavioral therapy works with the relationships among what you think, how you feel, and what you do, on the understanding that changing one can shift the others.

Why We Use It, and How We Use It Differently

CBT is the most researched form of psychotherapy in existence, and it earns its place on this list on the evidence alone.

It is also the approach most often delivered in a way that people find alienating. Handed a thought record and told to dispute your own thinking, many people conclude the problem is that they are thinking wrong, which lands as one more version of being told they are the issue.

We use CBT tools inside a relational, trauma-informed frame. That means the work of noticing thought patterns happens alongside curiosity about where those patterns came from and what they were protecting. The skills are genuinely useful. The context determines whether they help or shame.

What We Use CBT For

  • Anxiety, panic, and worry that loops
  • Depression, particularly rumination and withdrawal
  • Insomnia and sleep difficulty
  • Specific fears and avoidance
  • Perfectionism and harsh self-evaluation
  • Building concrete skills alongside deeper work

What This Work Generally Involves

CBT is more structured than most of what we do. Sessions often have a focus agreed at the start, and there is usually something to try between sessions, whether tracking a pattern, testing a prediction, or gradually approaching something avoided.

The structure is negotiable. If between-session tasks are not workable for you, that is worth saying rather than quietly not doing them.

Where the Research Stands

CBT has the largest evidence base of any psychotherapy. It has been tested in hundreds of randomized controlled trials and is recommended as a first-line treatment for anxiety disorders, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress in clinical guidelines internationally, including those of the American Psychological Association and the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.

Two honest notes. Effect sizes in more recent, better-controlled trials tend to be more modest than in early research, which is a normal pattern as methods improve. And CBT is not uniformly the best fit for everyone, particularly for people whose difficulties are primarily relational or developmental rather than symptom-focused. That is why it is one approach here rather than the only one.

For Adoptees

Working With Us

Our therapists work with clients located anywhere in Connecticut. Sessions are virtual, with limited in-person availability in Madison, CT. Most clients begin weekly, and you and your therapist will decide together what rhythm supports your capacity. Many of our therapists accept Medicaid/Husky, Aetna, Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield, and Cigna, and coverage varies by therapist.

Rachel Forbes

About the Author

Reviewed by
Rachel Forbes
,
LCSW
Founder of Root & Return Wellness.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Connecticut.

Rachel Forbes, LCSW, is the founder of Root & Return Wellness, a Connecticut therapy practice, and a therapist, educator, and consultant in trauma-informed and adoption-competent care. An adoptee herself, she brings lived experience to her work on identity, attachment, and belonging, and practices Internal Family Systems, attachment-based, and somatic approaches. She also offers clinical consultation for therapists in IFS and attachment trauma. Rachel believes healing begins with presence, grows through connection, and leads us toward inner trust.