Polyvagal-Informed Therapy

Understanding How Your Nervous System Responds

Polyvagal-informed therapy draws on a framework developed by Stephen Porges to help you understand how your nervous system responds to stress, supporting emotional regulation and a greater sense of calm and resilience.

What the Framework Offers

The useful idea is simple. Your nervous system is constantly assessing, below conscious thought, whether you are safe. That assessment shapes what becomes available to you. When your system reads danger, connection and reflection go offline, not because you lack willingness but because they are not accessible in that state.

This reframes a great deal. Shutting down mid-argument is not a failure of effort. Being unable to think clearly when flooded is not a character problem. And it points somewhere useful: instead of trying harder, the work becomes noticing your state and building conditions where a settled state is more reachable.

Where the Science Actually Stands

We want to be straightforward with you about this, because most practice websites are not.

Polyvagal theory is genuinely contested in the scientific literature, and the debate is active. In February 2026, Paul Grossman and 38 co-signatories published a critique in Clinical Neuropsychiatry arguing that the theory's core premises are not defensible on current neurophysiological and evolutionary evidence. Porges published a detailed response in the same issue, arguing the critique addressed a reconstructed version of the theory rather than the theory as published. Earlier critiques date to Grossman and Taylor in 2007. The claims most contested are the evolutionary account of vagal pathways, the anatomical distinction between ventral and dorsal branches, and whether heart rate variability is a clean index of vagal tone.

Here is what matters for you: the critique targets the theory's neurophysiological foundations, not the clinical practices built alongside it. Working with co-regulation, tracking your own state, slowing pace when your system is flooded, and building interoceptive awareness do not depend on the evolutionary account being correct. Those practices have their own support, and they help people.

So we describe this work as polyvagal-informed rather than polyvagal-based, and we hold the framework as a working model rather than settled fact. Porges himself has described it as an invitation to inquiry rather than doctrine.

What We Use This Lens For

  • Panic, flooding, and emotional responses that outrun thought
  • Shutdown, collapse, and numbness under stress
  • Trauma responses that persist after the danger has passed
  • Conflict that escalates faster than either person intends
  • Chronic hypervigilance and difficulty settling
  • Building the capacity to stay present rather than leave

What This Work Generally Involves

In practice this looks less like a technique and more like a way of pacing. Attention goes to your state before content: whether you are settled enough to do the work in front of you, and what helps when you are not.

Many therapists working this way also share the framework directly, because understanding why your body does what it does tends to reduce shame about it.

For Adoptees

Working With Us

Our therapists work with clients located anywhere in Connecticut. Sessions are virtual, with limited in-person availability in Madison, CT. Most clients begin weekly, and you and your therapist will decide together what rhythm supports your capacity. Many of our therapists accept Medicaid/Husky, Aetna, Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield, and Cigna, and coverage varies by therapist.

Rachel Forbes

About the Author

Reviewed by
Rachel Forbes
,
LCSW
Founder of Root & Return Wellness.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Connecticut.

Rachel Forbes, LCSW, is the founder of Root & Return Wellness, a Connecticut therapy practice, and a therapist, educator, and consultant in trauma-informed and adoption-competent care. An adoptee herself, she brings lived experience to her work on identity, attachment, and belonging, and practices Internal Family Systems, attachment-based, and somatic approaches. She also offers clinical consultation for therapists in IFS and attachment trauma. Rachel believes healing begins with presence, grows through connection, and leads us toward inner trust.